GRAMMAR

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense adalah tensis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kegiatan yang dilakukan pada saat ini setiap hari atau kejadian yang dilakukan sekarang secara berulang-ulang.

RUMUS SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

(+) subject + kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb I + s/es) + Object

(-) subject + don’t (do+not) / doesn’t (does + not) + Verb I + Object

(?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb I + Object ?

CONTOH KALIMAT PRESENT TENSE

(+) You drink milk every morning before going to campus.

(-) You don’t drink milk every morning before going to campus.

(?) Do You drink milk every morning before going to campus ?

My friend borrow money to buy book.

Grandmother go to hospital every month.

I help mother to wash the dirty dishes.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense adalah tensis pada bahasa inggris yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada masa lampau.Hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam grammar ini adalah bentuk kata kerja pada kalimat positif tidak sama dengan kalimat negative dan kalimat Tanya

RUMUS SIMPLE PAST TENSE

(+) Subject + Verb II (Kata kerja bentuk kedua) + Object

(-) Subject + Didn’t (did not) + Verb I (Kata kerja bentuk pertama) + Object

(?) Did + Subject + Verb I (Kata kerja bentuk pertama) + Object ?

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST TENSE

(+) I ate ervery morning before go to campus.

(-) I didn’t eat every morning before go to campus.

(?) Did I eat every morning before go to campus ?

Mother went to market last Monday

You visited library last week

My friend borrowed money to buy book yesterday

SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Simple present continous tense adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu sekarang yang terjadi atau sesuatu yang sedang dibicarakan sekarang atau rencana dimasa depan yang sedang dibicarakan saat ini.

RUMUS SIMPLE PRESENT COUNTINUOUS TENSE

(+) Subject + To be (is,am,are) + Verb 1-ing + Object

(-) Subject + To be ( is,am,are) + Not + Verb 1-ing + Object

(?) To be ( is,am,are) + Subject + Verb 1-ing + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

(+)  Iam reading novel now.

(-)  Iam not reading novel now.

(?) am I reading novel now ?

Ariel,David and Uki is discussing right now.

We are go to hospital today.

My father reading newspaper in the living room and my mom is cooking pancake at the kitchen.

They are smoking in the backyard.

Justin bieber is jogging with selena.

Iam not singing at studio this Monday.

SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

Simple past continous adalah kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau.Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian tersebut terjadi dimasa lampau.

RUMUS SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

(+)  Subject + Was/Were + Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

(-) Subject + Was/Were + Not  +  Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

(?) Was/Were + Subject + Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST CONTINUOUS

  (+)  You was eating dinner at restaurant last night.

  (-) You wasn’t eating dinner at restaurant last night.

 (?) Was you eating dinner at restaurant last night ?

While sister was studying,Boriel was writing a book in the living room.

David was cutting the grass at eight yesterday.

The children were playing football last week.

My mom was cooking when you called me.

Father was working while the others were sleeping.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense  adalah waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lampau.Ketika sedang berbicara kegiatan tersebut sudah selesai dilakukan.

I	been
You
They
We
He
She
It

Present perfect menggunakan Verb 3 antara lain :

I	Have
You
They
We
He She It	Has

RUMUS PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

(+) Subject + Have/Has + Verb3 + Object

(-) Subject + Have/Has + Not + Verb3 + Object

(?) Have/Has + Subject + Verb3 + Object

CONTOH PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

(+) They have learned English for three years

(-) They haven’t learned English for three years

(?) have they learned English for three years ?

She has written homework English lesson for 45 minutes

I have drunk milk

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense adalah kejadian untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi sebelum terjadinya kegiatan lain di masa lampau.

RUMUS PAST PERFECT TENSE

(+) Subject + Had + Verb3 + Object

(-) Subject + Had + Not + Verb3 + Object

(?) Had + Subject + Verb3 + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST PERFECT

(+) She had gone to campus.

(-) She hadn’t gone to campus.

(?) Had she gone to campus ?

(+) I had gone when he arrived my home

(-)  I hadn’t gone when he arrived my home

(?) had I gone when he arrived my home ?

They had eaten dinner

The train had left before we arrived

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Present perfect continous adalah peristiwa yang sudah terjadi pada masa lampau dan masih berlangsung sekarang jadi pada waktu tak tentu antara sebelum sekarang dan sekarang.

RUMUS PRESENT PERFECT  CONTINUOUS

(+) Subject + Have/Has + Been + Verb-ing

(-) Subject + Have/Has + Not + Been + Verb-ing

(?) Have/Has + Subject + Been + Verb-ing

CONTOH PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) I have been going to village for my holiday since 2002

(-) I have not been going to village for my holiday since 2002

(?) Have I been going to village for my holiday since 2002 ?

(+) She has been working in  bank BCA since 2012.

(-) She has not been working in bank BCA since 2012

(?) Has she been working in bank BCA since 2012 ?

(+) We have been painting the house 5 hours.

(-) We have not been painting the house 5 hours.

(?) Have we been painting the house 5 hours ?

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Past perfect continuous adalah menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terus berlangsung mulai dari waktu tertentu di masa lampau sampai waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

RUMUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) Subject + Had + Been + Verb-ing + Object

(-) Subject + Had + Not + Been + Verb-ing + Object

(?) Had + Subject + Been + Verb-ing + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) She had been  waiting  for her boyfriend for an hours.

(-) She had not been waiting for her boyfriend for an hours.

(?) Had she been waiting for her boyfriend for an hours.

(+) They had been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(-) They had not been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(?) Had they been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(+) Boriel had been fishing all the day yesterday

(-) Boriel had not been fishing all the day yesterday.

(?) Had Boriel been fishing all the day yesterday ?

Referensi :

• KAMUS BAHASA INGGRIS OLEH YAN PETERSON,MA

          PENERBIT KARYA AGUNG SURABAYA

• TENSESBAHASAINGGRIS.COM