TUGAS SOFTSKILL

1.      This table is not sturdy enough to support a television, and that one probably isn’t neither.
       a. not sturdy enough
       b.to support
       c.that one
       d.neither

ANSWER :  D. Neither

PEMBAHASAN : “Tabel ini tidak cukup kuat untuk mendukung televisi, dan yang satu mungkin tidak baik” perhatikan kalimatnya dan simak terlebih dahulu. Kata either disini digunakan setelah negative auxiliary atau be dan diikuiti dengan either.

Ini adalah kalimat yang benar : “This table is not sturdy enough to support a television, and that one probably isn’t either”

2.      The bridge was hitting by a large ship during a sudden storm last week
      a. was hitting
      b. during
      c. sudden
      d. last

ANSWER : A.Was hitting

PEMBAHASAN : “  Jembatan itu memukul oleh kapal besar selama badai tiba-tiba minggu lalu” perhatiakn kalimat ini sangat janggal dibacanya .Pertanyaan diatas merupakan kalimat passive jadi seharusnya menggunakan “was hit” .

Ini adalah kalimat yang benar : “The brige was hit by a large ship during a sudden storm last week”.

3.      When an university formulates new regulations, it must relay its decision to the students and faculty
       a. an
       b. new regulation 
       c. it
       d. must relay

ANSWER : A. an

PEMBAHASAN : “  Ketika sebuah universitas merumuskan peraturan baru, harus  menyampaikan keputusannya untuk para mahasiswa dan fakultas”

Dalam kalimat ini seharusnya menggunakan “a” karena sesuai dengan bunyinya menjadi sebauah kalimat yang benar adalah sebagai berikut :

“When a university formulates new regulations, it must relay its decision to the students and faculty”.

4.      There is some scissors in the desk drawer in the bedroom if you need them.
       a  is
      b. scissors
      c. in
     d. them

ANSWER: A.is

Kalimat ini merupakan kalimat jamak kata “scissors” jadi seharusnya memakai tobe “are”

Ini adalah kalimat yang benar : “There are some scissors in the desk drawer in the bedroom if you need them”.

5.  There were so much people trying to leave the burning building that the police had a great deal of.
     a. there were
     b.much
     c.the burning
     d.had

ANSWER: B. Much

PEMBAHASAN :  Perhatikan soal diatas objek pada kalimat tersebut adalah orang yaitu benda yang dapat dihitung jadi seharusnya menggunakan kata “many” .

Kalimat yang benar adalah sebagai berikut:

“ There were so many people trying to leave the burning building that the police had a great deal of”

SOAL TOEFL DAN PEMBAHASANNYA

Pilihlah kalimat yang bergaris bawah ini yang salah atau harus dibetulkan untuk membentuk kalimat sempurna!

1. I use to play tennis when i was teenager

    a. Use

    b. Play

    c. When

    d. Was

Answer : A.Use

 Pembahasan :

Jika ada soal seperti ini mari kita simak dulu kalimatnya "saya use to bermain tennis ketika masih remaja". Jika use to tetap digunakan kalimat tersebut berarti "menggunakan bermain" kalimat ini tidak sesuai dong. Di dalam bahasa inggris untuk mengungkapkan pekerjaan/perbuatan yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang pada masa lalu sekarang sudah tidak lagi. Kalimat ini menggunakan "use to" artinya dulu pernah melakukan itu. 

2. The scientist have invention computer that is almost human

    a. Scientist

    b. Have

    c. Invention

    d. That

Answer : C. Invention

Pembahasan :

"peneliti menemukan komputer yang bisa menggantikan manusia" 

invention disini adalah bentuk Noun yang artinya penemuan bukan bentuk verb yang diinginkan yang artinya menemukan atau invented.

3. I can't remember where do I put the new book

   a. Remember

   b. Do

   c. Put

   d. Book

Answer :  B. do

Pembahasan :

"saya tidak bisa mengingat dimana meletakan buku baru itu" 

kalimat meletakan kita tahu sudah terjadi, kemarin atau kapan jadi seharusnya menggunakan did.

4. I have the longer hair of all students in this room

   a. Have

   b. Longer

   c. Hair 

   d. Room

Answer : B. longer 

Pembahasan :

ini adalah superlative artinya kata yang menunjukkan sesuatu paling bagus, paling berkualiatas pokoknya yang paling paling deh. Yang perlu diingat dalam kalimat superlative adalah : 

digunakan The + akhiran est

Jadi seharusnya Longest.

5. All student  study English diligently inside the classroom

   a. Student 

   b. Study

   c. Diligently

   d. Inside

Answer : A. Student 

Pembahasan :

ini adalah kalimat plural karena All artinya banyak jadi, seharusnya student juga harus diikuti bentuk plural (students)

6.Platinum is harder than copper and is almost as pliable __________.

   a. gold

   b. than gold

   c. as gold

   d.  gold is

Answer : C (as gold)

Pembahsan :

cara yang benar untuk menyelesaikan perbandingan ini adalah dengan rumus : The as + adjective + as phrase

7. Many communities are dependent on groundwater __________ from wells for their water supply.

  a. that obtained

  b. obtained

  c. is obtained

  d. obtain it

Answer : B (obtained)

Pembahasan:

melengkapi kalimat yang berpartikel.The only correct way to complete this sentence is with a participle (obtained really means which is obtained).

8. Physical therapists help patients relearn how to use their bodies after disease or injure.

   

   a. relearn

   b. to use

   c. after

   d. injure

                                                                                                             

Answer : D (injure)

Pembahasan : A noun (injury), not a verb (injure), is required.

sebuah kata benda yang diperlukan yaitu ( injury) bukan kata kerja (injure).

9. Liquids take the shape of any container which in they are placed.

 

    a. the shape

    b. any

    c. which

    d. paced

                                                                                   

Answer : C (which)

Pembahasan : in The preposition must precede the relative pronoun: in which.

dalam kalimat preposisi harus mendahului kata ganti relatif: di mana.

10. The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 

      a. recorded
      b. light
      c. it was
      d. the town of

Answer : B (it was)

Pembahasan : The use of the pronoun subject it is unnecessary; it should be omitted.

dalam kalimat tersebut penggunaan kata ganti subjek itu tidak perlu, itu harus dihilangkan.

11. The French Quarter is the most famous and the most old section of New Orleans.

      a. the
      b. famous
      c. most old
      d. of

Answer : C (most old)

Pembahasan : The superlative form of a one-syllable adjective (old) is formed with the suffix -est: oldest.

Bentuk superlatif dari kata sifat satu suku kata (lama) dibentuk dengan akhiran-est: oldest

12.  Not only ____________________ places of beauty, but they also serve scientific and educational    purposes as well.

        a. are botanical gardens

        b.  botanical gardens to be 

        c.  botanical gardens are

       d. to be botanical gardens

Answer : A (are botanical gardens)

 Pembahasan : A main verb, such as are, is required to complete the clause (to be is not a main verb), and the subject and verb must be inverted because the clause begins with the negative phrase not only.

Sebuah kata kerja utama, seperti yang, diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan kalimat (untuk bukan kata kerja utama), dan subjek dan kata kerja harus terbalik karena klausa diawali dengan kalimat negatif tidak hanya.

13.  A number of the materials used in manufacturing paint are potential dangerous if mishandled.

      a. a number of

      b. are

      c. potensial

      d. if mishandled

Answer : C (potential)

Pembahasan : An adverb (potentially), not an adjective (potential), is needed.

dalam kalimat ini kata keterangan (potentially) bukan kata sifat (potential) yang diperlukan.

14. Bill Clinton, that won the 1992 presidential election, was formerlygovernor of the state of Arkansas.

       a. that

       b. presidential

       c. was formerlygovermor

       d. state

Answer : (A) that
Pembahasan : the correct answer is “who” because it’s explain adjective clause

jawaban yang benar adalah "who" karena menjelaskan klausa kata sifat.

15.  In 1791, Quebec was divided into two sections, Upper Canada and Lower Canada, _____________ were ruled by     elected assemblies.

         a. they both

         b. both of them

         c. in which both

         d. both of which

Answer : D (both of which)

Pembahasan : This choice correctly follows the pattern quantifier + of + relative pronoun.

dalam kalimat ini pilihan ini benar mengikuti poa quantifer + of + relative pronoun.

REFERENSI : 

• http://ardikahenrisal.blogspot.com
• ariechibi.com/.../latihan-soal-structure-toefl-dan-pe..

GRAMMAR

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense adalah tensis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kegiatan yang dilakukan pada saat ini setiap hari atau kejadian yang dilakukan sekarang secara berulang-ulang.

RUMUS SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

(+) subject + kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb I + s/es) + Object

(-) subject + don’t (do+not) / doesn’t (does + not) + Verb I + Object

(?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb I + Object ?

CONTOH KALIMAT PRESENT TENSE

(+) You drink milk every morning before going to campus.

(-) You don’t drink milk every morning before going to campus.

(?) Do You drink milk every morning before going to campus ?

My friend borrow money to buy book.

Grandmother go to hospital every month.

I help mother to wash the dirty dishes.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense adalah tensis pada bahasa inggris yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada masa lampau.Hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam grammar ini adalah bentuk kata kerja pada kalimat positif tidak sama dengan kalimat negative dan kalimat Tanya

RUMUS SIMPLE PAST TENSE

(+) Subject + Verb II (Kata kerja bentuk kedua) + Object

(-) Subject + Didn’t (did not) + Verb I (Kata kerja bentuk pertama) + Object

(?) Did + Subject + Verb I (Kata kerja bentuk pertama) + Object ?

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST TENSE

(+) I ate ervery morning before go to campus.

(-) I didn’t eat every morning before go to campus.

(?) Did I eat every morning before go to campus ?

Mother went to market last Monday

You visited library last week

My friend borrowed money to buy book yesterday

SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Simple present continous tense adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu sekarang yang terjadi atau sesuatu yang sedang dibicarakan sekarang atau rencana dimasa depan yang sedang dibicarakan saat ini.

RUMUS SIMPLE PRESENT COUNTINUOUS TENSE

(+) Subject + To be (is,am,are) + Verb 1-ing + Object

(-) Subject + To be ( is,am,are) + Not + Verb 1-ing + Object

(?) To be ( is,am,are) + Subject + Verb 1-ing + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

(+)  Iam reading novel now.

(-)  Iam not reading novel now.

(?) am I reading novel now ?

Ariel,David and Uki is discussing right now.

We are go to hospital today.

My father reading newspaper in the living room and my mom is cooking pancake at the kitchen.

They are smoking in the backyard.

Justin bieber is jogging with selena.

Iam not singing at studio this Monday.

SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

Simple past continous adalah kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau.Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian tersebut terjadi dimasa lampau.

RUMUS SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

(+)  Subject + Was/Were + Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

(-) Subject + Was/Were + Not  +  Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

(?) Was/Were + Subject + Verb1-ing + Object + Modifier

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST CONTINUOUS

  (+)  You was eating dinner at restaurant last night.

  (-) You wasn’t eating dinner at restaurant last night.

 (?) Was you eating dinner at restaurant last night ?

While sister was studying,Boriel was writing a book in the living room.

David was cutting the grass at eight yesterday.

The children were playing football last week.

My mom was cooking when you called me.

Father was working while the others were sleeping.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense  adalah waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lampau.Ketika sedang berbicara kegiatan tersebut sudah selesai dilakukan.

I	been
You
They
We
He
She
It

Present perfect menggunakan Verb 3 antara lain :

I	Have
You
They
We
He She It	Has

RUMUS PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

(+) Subject + Have/Has + Verb3 + Object

(-) Subject + Have/Has + Not + Verb3 + Object

(?) Have/Has + Subject + Verb3 + Object

CONTOH PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

(+) They have learned English for three years

(-) They haven’t learned English for three years

(?) have they learned English for three years ?

She has written homework English lesson for 45 minutes

I have drunk milk

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense adalah kejadian untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi sebelum terjadinya kegiatan lain di masa lampau.

RUMUS PAST PERFECT TENSE

(+) Subject + Had + Verb3 + Object

(-) Subject + Had + Not + Verb3 + Object

(?) Had + Subject + Verb3 + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST PERFECT

(+) She had gone to campus.

(-) She hadn’t gone to campus.

(?) Had she gone to campus ?

(+) I had gone when he arrived my home

(-)  I hadn’t gone when he arrived my home

(?) had I gone when he arrived my home ?

They had eaten dinner

The train had left before we arrived

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Present perfect continous adalah peristiwa yang sudah terjadi pada masa lampau dan masih berlangsung sekarang jadi pada waktu tak tentu antara sebelum sekarang dan sekarang.

RUMUS PRESENT PERFECT  CONTINUOUS

(+) Subject + Have/Has + Been + Verb-ing

(-) Subject + Have/Has + Not + Been + Verb-ing

(?) Have/Has + Subject + Been + Verb-ing

CONTOH PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) I have been going to village for my holiday since 2002

(-) I have not been going to village for my holiday since 2002

(?) Have I been going to village for my holiday since 2002 ?

(+) She has been working in  bank BCA since 2012.

(-) She has not been working in bank BCA since 2012

(?) Has she been working in bank BCA since 2012 ?

(+) We have been painting the house 5 hours.

(-) We have not been painting the house 5 hours.

(?) Have we been painting the house 5 hours ?

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Past perfect continuous adalah menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terus berlangsung mulai dari waktu tertentu di masa lampau sampai waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

RUMUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) Subject + Had + Been + Verb-ing + Object

(-) Subject + Had + Not + Been + Verb-ing + Object

(?) Had + Subject + Been + Verb-ing + Object

CONTOH KALIMAT PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(+) She had been  waiting  for her boyfriend for an hours.

(-) She had not been waiting for her boyfriend for an hours.

(?) Had she been waiting for her boyfriend for an hours.

(+) They had been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(-) They had not been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(?) Had they been watching football for over 30 minutes before David arrived.

(+) Boriel had been fishing all the day yesterday

(-) Boriel had not been fishing all the day yesterday.

(?) Had Boriel been fishing all the day yesterday ?

Referensi :

• KAMUS BAHASA INGGRIS OLEH YAN PETERSON,MA

          PENERBIT KARYA AGUNG SURABAYA

• TENSESBAHASAINGGRIS.COM